Capturing Natural Resource Dynamics in Top-Down Energy"‘Economic Equilibrium Models

Joint Program Report
 • China Energy & Climate Project
Capturing Natural Resource Dynamics in Top-Down Energy"‘Economic Equilibrium Models
Zhang, D., V. Karplus and S. Rausch (2015)
Joint Program Report Series, 37 p.

Report 284 [Download]

Abstract/Summary:

Top-down energy-economic modeling approaches often use deliberately simple techniques to represent heterogeneous resource inputs to production. We show that for some policies, such as feed-in tariffs (FIT) for renewable electricity, detailed representation of renewable resource grades is required to describe the technology more precisely and identify cost-effective policy designs. We extend a hybrid approach for modeling heterogeneity in the quality of natural resource inputs required for renewable energy production in a stylized computable general equilibrium (CGE) framework. Importantly, this approach resolves nearflat or near-vertical sections of the resource supply curve that translate into key features of the marginal cost of wind resource supply, allowing for more realistic policy simulation. In a second step, we represent the shape of a resource supply curve based on more detailed data. We show that for the case of onshore wind development in China, a differentiated FIT design that can only be modeled with the hybrid approach requires less than half of the subsidy budget needed for a uniform FIT design and proves to be more cost-effective.

Citation:

Zhang, D., V. Karplus and S. Rausch (2015): Capturing Natural Resource Dynamics in Top-Down Energy"‘Economic Equilibrium Models. Joint Program Report Series Report 284, 37 p. (http://globalchange.mit.edu/publication/16177)
  • Joint Program Report
China Project
Capturing Natural Resource Dynamics in Top-Down Energy"‘Economic Equilibrium Models

Zhang, D., V. Karplus and S. Rausch

Report 

284
37 p.
2016

Abstract/Summary: 

Top-down energy-economic modeling approaches often use deliberately simple techniques to represent heterogeneous resource inputs to production. We show that for some policies, such as feed-in tariffs (FIT) for renewable electricity, detailed representation of renewable resource grades is required to describe the technology more precisely and identify cost-effective policy designs. We extend a hybrid approach for modeling heterogeneity in the quality of natural resource inputs required for renewable energy production in a stylized computable general equilibrium (CGE) framework. Importantly, this approach resolves nearflat or near-vertical sections of the resource supply curve that translate into key features of the marginal cost of wind resource supply, allowing for more realistic policy simulation. In a second step, we represent the shape of a resource supply curve based on more detailed data. We show that for the case of onshore wind development in China, a differentiated FIT design that can only be modeled with the hybrid approach requires less than half of the subsidy budget needed for a uniform FIT design and proves to be more cost-effective.