A critical issue in dealing with climate change is deciding who has a right to emit carbon dioxide. Allocation in the European Emissions Trading Scheme provides the first in-depth description and analysis of the process by which rights to emit carbon dioxide were created and distributed in the European Union. This is the world's first large-scale experiment with an emission trading system for carbon dioxide and is likely to be copied by others if there is to be a global regime for limiting greenhouse gas emissions. The book consists of contributions from those who were responsible for putting the allocation into practice in ten representative member states and at the European Commission. The problems encountered in this process, the solutions found, and the choices they made, will be of interest to all who are concerned with climate policy and the use of emissions trading to combat climate change.